[New-Poetry] Italy

[Anny Ballardini]

*A service provided by the American Government, you should be interested in
visiting Italy.
*

*
*

*Italy, Holy See (Vatican City) and San Marino*

*January 21, 2009*

*COUNTRY DESCRIPTION:*  Italy is a developed democracy with a modern
economy.  The Holy See is a sovereign entity that serves as the
ecclesiastical, governmental and administrative capital of the Roman
Catholic Church, physically located within the State of the Vatican City
inside Rome, with a unique, non-traditional economy.  San Marino is a
developed, constitutional democratic republic, also independent of Italy,
with a modern economy.  Tourist facilities are widely available.

Read the Department of State Background
Notes<http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4033.htm>on Italy, the Holy
See, and San Marino for additional information.

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*ENTRY/EXIT REQUIREMENTS:*  Italy is a party to the Schengen agreement.  As
such, U.S. citizens may enter Italy for up to 90 days for tourist or
business purposes without a visa.  The passport should be valid for at least
three months beyond the period of stay.  For further details about travel
into and within Schengen countries, please see our fact sheet.

For all other purposes, a visa is required and must be obtained from the
Italian Embassy or Consulates before entering Italy.  For further
information concerning visas and entry requirements for Italy, travelers may
contact the Embassy of Italy at 3000 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC
20008, via telephone at (202) 612-4400 or online at
http://www.ambwashingtondc.esteri.it/ambasciata_washington, or Italian
Consulates General in Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami,
Newark, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, or San Francisco, accessible
through the Italian Embassy web site.

Americans staying or traveling within Italy for less than three (3) months
are considered non-residents. This includes persons on vacation, those
taking professional trips, students registered at an authorized school, or
persons performing research or independent study.

As of May 2007, under Italian law (
http://www.camera.it/parlam/leggi/07068l.htm), all non-residents are
required to complete a dichiarazione di presenza (declaration of presence).
Tourists arriving from a non-Schengen-country (e.g. the United States)
should obtain a stamp in their passport at the airport on the day of
arrival. This stamp is considered the equivalent of the declaration of
presence. Tourists arriving from a Schengen-country (e.g. France) must
request the declaration of presence form from a local police office
(commissariato di zona), police headquarters (questura) or their place of
stay (e.g hotel, hostel, campgrounds) and submit the form to the police or
to their place of stay within eight business days of arrival. It is
important that applicants keep a copy of the receipt issued by the Italian
authorities. Failure to complete a declaration of presence is punishable by
expulsion from Italy. Additional information may be obtained (in Italian
only) from the Portale Immigrazione at http://www.portaleimmigrazione.it and
the Polizia di Stato at
http://www.poliziadistato.it/pds/ps/immigrazione/soggiorno.htm.

Americans staying in Italy for more than three (3) months are considered
residents and must obtain a permesso di soggiorno (permit of stay). This
includes Americans who will work or transact business and persons who want
to simply live in Italy.  An application "kit" for the permesso di soggiorno
may be requested from one of 14,000 national post offices (Poste Italiane).
The kit must then be returned to one of 5,332 designated Post Office
acceptance locations.  It is important that applicants keep a copy of the
receipt issued by the post office.  Additional information may be obtained
from an Italian immigration website online at
http://www.portaleimmigrazione.it/.  Within 20 days of receiving the permit
to stay in Italy, Americans must go to the local Vital Statistics Bureau
(Anagrafe of the Comune) to apply for residency. It generally takes one to
two months to receive the certificate of residence (Certificato di
Residenza).

Information about dual
nationality<http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1753.html>or
the prevention of international
child abduction <http://cas2k3ftp01/family/abduction/abduction_580.html> can
be found on our web site.  For further information about customs
regulations, please read our Customs
Information<http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1468.html>sheet.

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*SAFETY AND SECURITY:*   There have been occasional episodes of politically
motivated violence in Italy, most often connected to Italian internal
developments or social issues.  Italian authorities have found bombs outside
public buildings, received bomb threats, and were subjects of letter bombs.
Firebombs or Molotov cocktails have been thrown at buildings or offices in
the middle of the night.  These incidents have all been attributed to
organized crime or anarchist movements.  Americans were not targeted or
injured in these instances.

Demonstrations may have an anti-American character.  Even demonstrations
intended to be peaceful have the potential to turn into confrontational
situations and possibly escalate into violence.  U.S. citizens traveling or
residing in Italy should take common sense precautions and follow news
reports carefully in order to avoid demonstrations and to be aware of
heightened security and potential delays when they occur.  American citizens
are encouraged to read the Warden Messages posted on the Embassy's web site
at http://italy.usembassy.gov/acs/demonstration/default.asp.

Italy remains largely free of terrorist incidents.  However, like other
countries in the Schengen area, Italy's open borders with its Western
European neighbors allow the possibility of terrorist groups
entering/exiting the country with anonymity.

For the latest security information, Americans traveling abroad should
regularly monitor the Department of State's, Bureau of Consular Affairs' web
site, where the current Travel Warnings and Travel
Alerts<http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis_pa_tw_1168.html>,
as well as the Worldwide
Caution<http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/cis_pa_tw/pa/pa_1161.html>,
can be found.

Up-to-date information on safety and security can also be obtained by
calling 1-888-407-4747 toll-free in the U.S., or for callers outside the
U.S. and Canada, a regular toll line at 1-202-501-4444.  These numbers are
available from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday
(except U.S. federal holidays).

The Department of State urges American citizens to take responsibility for
their own personal security while traveling overseas.  For general
information about appropriate measures travelers can take to protect
themselves in an overseas environment, see the Department of State's A Safe
Trip Abroad <http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/tips/safety/safety_1747.html>.

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*CRIME:*  Italy has a moderate rate of violent crime, some of which is
directed towards tourists, principally for motives of theft.  Some travelers
are victims of rape and beatings.  There are incidents of drinks laced with
drugs being used by criminals to rob, and in some cases, assault tourists.
Many of these incidents occur in the vicinity of Rome's Termini train
station and at major tourist centers such as Campo de Fiori and Piazza
Navona, as well as in Florence and Naples.  Criminals using this tactic
"befriend" a traveler at a train station, bus stop, restaurant, café or bar
in tourist areas, then eventually offer a drink laced with a sleeping drug.
When the tourist falls asleep, criminals steal the traveler's valuables.
There are also instances where the victim is assaulted, either physically or
sexually.

Americans are urged to exercise caution at train stations and airports, and
when frequenting nightclubs, bars and outdoor cafes, particularly at night,
because criminals may make initial contact with potential victims in such
settings.  Individuals under the effect of alcohol may become victims of
crime, including robbery, physical and sexual assault, due to their impaired
ability to judge situations and make decisions.  This is particularly a
problem for younger Americans visiting Italy, where the age limit on the
sale of alcoholic beverages is lower than in the United States.  If you are
a victim of such a crime, please file a police report and contact the U.S.
Embassy or nearest consulate.  There are also in-country organizations,
which provide counseling, medical, and legal assistance to certain crime
victims.

Petty crimes such as pick-pocketing, theft from parked cars, and purse
snatching are serious problems, especially in large cities.  Pick-pockets
sometimes dress like businessmen.  Tourists should not be lulled into a
false sense of security by believing that well-dressed individuals are not
potential pick-pockets or thieves.  Most reported thefts occur at crowded
tourist sites, on public buses or trains, or at the major railway stations:
Rome's Termini; Milan's Centrale; Florence's Santa Maria Novella; and
Naples' Centrale and Piazza Garibaldi.  Travelers should also be alert to
theft in Milan's Malpensa Airport, particularly at car rental agencies.
Clients of Internet cafes in major cities are also targeted.  Tourists who
have tried to resist petty thieves on motor scooters have suffered broken
arms and collarbones.

Thieves in Italy often work in groups or pairs.  Pairs of accomplices or
groups of street urchins are known to divert tourists' attention so that
another can pick-pocket them.  In one particular routine, one thief throws
trash, waste or ketchup at the victim; a second thief assists the victim in
cleaning up the mess; and the third discreetly takes the victim's
belongings.  Criminals on crowded public transportation slit the bottoms of
purses or bags with a razor blade or sharp knife removing the contents.
Theft of small items such as radios, luggage, cameras, briefcases, and even
cigarettes from parked cars is a major problem.

Carjackings and thefts are reported by occupants of vehicles waiting in
traffic or stopped at traffic lights.  Vehicles parked near beaches during
the summer are broken into and robbed of valuables.  Robbers take items from
cars at gas stations often by smashing car windows.

In a scam practiced on the highways, one thief signals a flat tire to the
driver of another car and encourages the driver to pull over.  Often, the
tire has been punctured by an accomplice, while in other instances, there
may, in fact, be nothing wrong with the vehicle.  When the driver stops, one
thief helps change the tire, while the other takes the driver's belongings.
Use particular caution driving at night on highways, when there may be a
greater incidence of robbery attempts.  There are occasional reports of
break-ins of rental cars driven by Americans when the precautions mentioned
above were not followed during stops at highway service areas.

On trains, a commonly reported crime involves one or more persons who
pretend to befriend a traveler and offer drugged food or drink.  Also,
thieves are known to impersonate police officers to gain the confidence of
tourists.  The thief shows the prospective victim a circular plastic sign
with the words "police" or "international police."  If this happens, the
tourist should insist on seeing the officer's identification card
(documento), as impersonators tend not to carry forged documents.  Tourists
should immediately report thefts or other crimes to the local police.

The U.S. Secret Service in Rome is assisting Italian Law Enforcement
authorities in investigating an increase in the appearance of ATM skimming
devices.  These devices are attached to legitimate bank ATMs, usually
located in tourist areas, and capture the account information stored
electronically on the card's magnetic strip.  The devices consist of a card
reader installed over the legitimate reader and a pin-hole video camera
mounted above the keypad that records the customer's PIN.  ATMs with
skimming devices installed may also allow normal transactions to occur.  The
victim's information is sold, traded on-line, or encoded on another card
such as a hotel key card to access the compromised account.  Here are some
helpful hints to protect yourself and to identify skimming devices:

1) Use ATMs located in well-lit public areas, or secured inside the
bank/business
2) Cover the keypad with one hand as you enter your PIN
3) Look for gaps, tampered appearance, or other irregularities between the
metal faceplate of the ATM and the card reader
4) Avoid card readers that are not flush with the face of the ATM
5) Closely monitor your account statements for unauthorized transactions

Organized criminal groups operate throughout Italy, but are more prevalent
in the south.  They occasionally resort to violence to intimidate or to
settle disputes.  Though the activities of such groups are not generally
targeted at tourists, visitors should be aware that innocent by-standers
could be injured.

In many countries around the world, counterfeit and pirated goods are widely
available.  Transactions involving such products may be illegal under local
law.  In addition, bringing them back to the United States may result in
forfeitures and/or fines.  More information on this serious problem is
available at http://www.cybercrime.gov/18usc2320.htm.

According to Italian Law (Law 80 of May 14, 2005), anyone caught buying
counterfeit goods (for example, DVD's, CD's, watches, purses, bags, belts,
sunglasses, etc.) is subject to a fine of no less than EUR 1,000.  Police in
major Italian cities enforce this law to varying degrees.  Travelers are
advised to purchase products only from stores and other licensed retailers
to avoid unknowingly buying counterfeit and illegal merchandise.

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*INFORMATION FOR VICTIMS OF CRIME:*  The loss or theft abroad of a U.S.
passport should be reported immediately to the local police and the nearest
U.S. embassy or consulate.  If you are the victim of a crime while overseas,
in addition to reporting to local police, please contact the nearest U.S.
embassy or consulate for assistance.  The embassy/consulate staff can, for
example, assist you to find appropriate medical care, contact family members
or friends and explain how funds could be transferred.  Lost or stolen
credit cards present risk of identity theft and should be cancelled
immediately.  Although the investigation and prosecution of the crime is
solely the responsibility of local authorities, consular officers can help
you to understand the local criminal justice process and to find an attorney
if needed.

The local equivalent to the "911" emergency line in Italy is: 113.

Please see our information on Victims of
Crime<http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/tips/emergencies/emergencies_1748.html>,
including possible victim compensation programs in the United States.

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*CRIMINAL PENALTIES:*  While in a foreign country, a U.S. citizen is subject
to that country's laws and regulations, which sometimes differ significantly
from those of the United States and may not afford the protections available
to the individual under U.S. law.  Penalties for breaking the law can be
more severe than in the United States for similar offenses.  Persons
violating Italian law, even unknowingly, may be expelled, arrested or
imprisoned.  Penalties for possession, use or trafficking in illegal drugs
in Italy are severe and convicted offenders can expect long jail sentences
and heavy fines.  Engaging in illicit sexual conduct with children or using
or disseminating child pornography in a foreign country is a crime,
prosecutable in the United States.  Please see our information on Criminal
Penalties <http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1467.html>.

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*SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES:*   Strikes and other work stoppages occur frequently
in the transportation sector (national airlines, airports, trains, and bus
lines).  Most are announced in advance and are of short duration.
Information on strikes may be found at
http://www.infrastrutture.gov.it/page/NuovoSito/site.php.  Reconfirmation of
domestic and international flight reservations is highly recommended.

U. S citizens using public transportation while in Italy are reminded they
must adhere to local transportation laws and regulations. Travelers must
purchase train tickets and validate them by punching them in validating
machines usually located near the entrance of train tracks prior to
boarding.  Failure to follow this procedure may result in an on-the-spot
fine by an inspector on the train. Travelers must purchase bus tickets prior
to boarding and validate them immediately after boarding. Tickets may be
purchased at tobacco stores or kiosks. Failure to follow this procedure may
result in an immediate fine imposed by an inspector on the bus. If the
violator does not pay the fine on the spot, it will automatically double and
will be forwarded to the violator's home address.

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*MEDICAL FACILITIES AND HEALTH INFORMATION:*  Medical facilities are
available, but may be limited outside urban areas.  Public hospitals, though
generally free of charge for emergency services, sometimes do not maintain
the same standards as hospitals in the United States, so travelers are
encouraged to obtain insurance that would cover a stay in a private Italian
hospital or clinic.  It is almost impossible to obtain an itemized hospital
bill from public hospitals, as required by many U.S. insurance companies,
because the Italian National Health Service charges one inclusive rate (care
services, bed and board).

In parts of southern Italy, the lack of adequate trash disposal and
incineration sites has led to periodic accumulations of garbage in urban and
rural areas.  In some cases, residents have burned garbage, resulting in
toxic emissions that can aggravate respiratory problems.

The U.S. Navy initiated a public health evaluation in the Naples area in
2008.  Updates on that evaluation can be found at
http://www.nsa.naples.navy.mil/risk.  After finding levels of bacterial and
chemical contamination of potential health concern, particularly in samples
of area well water, the Navy recommended all personnel living off-base in
the Naples area use only bottled water for drinking, cooking, ice-making,
and brushing teeth.  For more information on safe food and water
precautions, see the CDC's web site below.

The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions
for visitors to or foreign residents of Italy.

Information on vaccinations and other health precautions, such as safe food
and water precautions and insect bite protection, may be obtained from the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's hotline for international
travelers at 1-877-FYI-TRIP (1-877-394-8747) or via the CDC's web site at
http://wwwn.cdc.gov/travel/default.aspx.  For information about outbreaks of
infectious diseases abroad consult the World Health Organization's (WHO) web
site at http://www.who.int/en.  Further health information for travelers is
available at http://www.who.int/ith.

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*MEDICAL INSURANCE:*  The Department of State strongly urges Americans to
consult with their medical insurance company prior to traveling abroad to
confirm whether their policy applies overseas and whether it will cover
emergency expenses such as a medical evacuation.  Please see our information
on medical insurance
overseas<http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1470.html>.


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*TRAFFIC SAFETY AND ROAD CONDITIONS:*  While in a foreign country, U.S.
citizens may encounter road conditions that differ significantly from those
in the United States.  The information below concerning Italy is provided
for general reference only, and may not be totally accurate in a particular
location or circumstance.

Streets in historic city centers are often narrow, winding and congested.
Motor scooters are very popular and drivers often see themselves as exempt
from conventions that apply to automobiles. Travelers who rent scooters
should be particularly cautious.  Pedestrians and drivers should be
constantly alert to the possibility of scooters' sudden presence.  Most
vehicle-related deaths and injuries involve pedestrians or cyclists who are
involved in collisions with scooters or other vehicles.  U.S. citizens
should remain vigilant and alert while walking or cycling near traffic.
Pedestrians should be careful, as sidewalks can be extremely congested and
uneven.  Drivers of bicycles, motorcycles, and other vehicles routinely
ignore traffic signals and traffic flows and park and drive on sidewalks.
For safety, pedestrians should look carefully in both directions before
crossing streets, even when using a marked crosswalk with a green avanti
("walk") light illuminated.
Traffic lights are limited, often disobeyed, and a different convention of
right-of-way is observed.  Italy has over 5,600 kilometers (3,480 mi.) of
Autostrada, or superhighways.  Commercial and individual vehicles travel and
pass on these well-maintained roads at very high speeds.  Accidents occur in
which contributing factors include excessive speed, alcohol/drug use, and/or
sleepiness of long-distance drivers.  Italy has one of the highest rates of
car accident deaths in the European Union.

In rural areas, a wide range of speed on highways makes for hazardous
driving.  Roads are generally narrow and often have no guardrails.
Travelers in northern Italy, especially in winter, should be aware of fog
and poor visibility, responsible for multiple-car accidents each year.  Most
Italian automobiles are equipped with special fog lights.  Roadside
assistance in Italy is excellent on the well-maintained toll roads, but
limited on secondary roads.  Use of safety belts and child restraining
devices is mandatory and headlights should be on at all times outside of
urban areas.

U.S. citizens driving in Italy are reminded that they must adhere to the
local driving laws and regulations.  Vehicle traffic in some historic
downtown areas of cities and towns throughout Italy is limited by a system
of permits (called "ZTL" and functioning the same way as an EasyPass system
in the United States might on the freeway).  Cameras record the license
plates of cars driving in parts of the city that require a permit.  Although
most of the automated verification stations are clearly marked, if a driver
passes one it is impossible to know at the time that a violation occurred or
has been recorded.  Violators are not pulled over or stopped, and there is
no personal contact with a police officer.  Whenever possible, the fines
imposed for these violations are forwarded to the driver's home in the
United States to request payment.  The fines are cumulative for each time a
driver passes a control point.  A similar system of automated traffic
control cameras is in place in many parts of the highway system and is used
to ticket speeding violations.

U.S. citizens driving in Italy should also note that, according to Italian
regulation, if a resident of a non-European Union country (e.g. the United
States) violates a traffic law, the violator must pay the fine at the time
the violation occurs to the police officer issuing the ticket.  If the
citizen does not or cannot pay the fine at the time, Italian regulation
allows the police officer to confiscate the offender's vehicle (even if the
vehicle is a rental vehicle).

For specific information concerning Italian driving permits, vehicle
inspection, road tax and mandatory insurance, contact the Italian Government
Tourist Board (ENIT) offices via the Internet at: http://www.enit.it, tel:
212-245-4822 or the A.C.I. (Automobile Club Italiano) at Via Magenta 5,
00185 Rome, tel: 39-06-4477.  For information on obtaining international
drivers licenses, contact AAA or the American Automobile Touring Alliance.

Please refer to our Road
Safety<http://cas2k3ftp01/travel/tips/safety/safety_1179.html>page for
more information.  Visit the web site of the country's national
tourist office at http://www.italiantourism.com and national authority
responsible for road safety at http://www.infrastrutturetrasporti.it.

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*AVIATION SAFETY OVERSIGHT:*  The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
assessed the Government of Italy's Civil Aviation Authority as being in
compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation
safety standards for oversight of Italy's air carrier operations.  For more
information, travelers may visit the FAA's web site at
http://www.faa.gov/safety/programs_initiatives/oversight/iasa.


*DISASTER PREPAREDNESS:*  Several major earthquake fault lines cross Italy.
Principal Italian cities, with the exception of Naples, do not lie near
these faults, but smaller tourist towns, like Assisi, do and experience
earthquakes.  General information about disaster preparedness is available
online from the U.S. Federal Management Agency (FEMA) at http://www.fema.gov.
Detailed information on Italy's earthquake fault lines is available from the
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at http://www.usgs.gov.

Italy also has several active volcanoes generating geothermal events.  Mt.
Etna, on the eastern tip of the island of Sicily, has been erupting
intermittently since 2000.  Mt. Vesuvius, located near Naples, is currently
capped and not active.  Activity at Mt. Vesuvius is monitored by an active
seismic network and sensor system, and no recent seismic activity has been
recorded.  Two of Italy's smaller islands, Stromboli and Vulcano in the
Aeolian Island chain north of Sicily, also have active volcanoes with lava
flows.  Detailed information on volcano activity in Italy is available from
the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at http://www.usgs.gov.

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*CHILDREN'S ISSUES:*  For information see our Office of Children's Issues
web pages on intercountry
adoption<http://cas2k3ftp01/family/adoption/adoption_485.html>and
international
parental child abduction<http://cas2k3ftp01/family/abduction/abduction_580.html>.


REGISTRATION / EMBASSY AND CONSULATE LOCATIONS:  Americans living or
traveling in Italy are encouraged to register with the nearest U.S. Embassy
or Consulate through the State Department's travel registration web
site<https://travelregistration.state.gov/ibrs/ui/>,
so they can obtain updated information on travel and security within Italy.
Americans without Internet access may register directly with the nearest
U.S. Embassy or Consulate.  By registering, American citizens make it easier
for the Embassy or Consulate to contact them in case of emergency.  The U.S.
Embassy is located at Via V. Veneto 119/A, tel.: 39-06-46741 and fax:
39-06-4674-2217; web site: http://italy.usembassy.gov/english/.

The U.S. Consulates are located in:

Florence:  Lungarno Amerigo Vespucci 38, tel: 39-055-266-951, consular fax:
399-055-215-550;
Milan:  Via Principe Amedeo 2/10, tel: 39-02-290-351, and fax:
39-02-290-35-273;
Naples:  Piazza della Repubblica, tel:  39-081-583-8111, and consular fax:
39-081-583-8275.

There are U.S. Consular Agents located in:

Genoa:  Via Dante 2, tel:  39-010-584-492, and fax: 39-010-553-3033;
Palermo:  Via Vaccarini 1, tel:  39-091-305-857, and fax:  39-091-625-6026;
Venice:  Viale Galileo Galilei, 30, tel: 39-041-541-5944, and fax:
39-041-541-6654.

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* * *

This replaces the Consular Information Sheet dated June 10, 2008, to update
the sections onSafety and Security and Medical Facilities and Health
Information.
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-- 
Anny Ballardini
http://annyballardini.blogspot.com/
http://www.fieralingue.it/modules.php?name=poetshome
http://www.moriapoetry.com/ebooks.html
I Tell You: One must still have chaos in one to give birth to a dancing
star!
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